防護的目的在于防止有害的非隨機效應(yīng)，并把隨機效應(yīng)的發(fā)生幾率限制在一個可接受的水平上，為達到這個目的，我們務(wù)必要遵守以下的原則。
The purpose of protection is to prevent harmful non-random effects and limit the probability of occurrence of random effects to an acceptable level. To achieve this goal, we must abide by the following principles.
（一）放射實踐的正當化，放射性對健康有妨礙，為什么還要用放射性儀表呢？關(guān)鍵的原因是采用它可以帶來巨大的效益，只有某一項放射實踐帶來年利益比付出的各種代價（對人群和環(huán)境的危害等）大得多時，才認為這項放射實踐是正當?shù)摹?/div>
(1) The legitimation of radiation practice, radiation has hindered health, why use radioactive instruments? The key reason is that it can bring enormous benefits. Only when the annual benefits of a radiation practice are much greater than the costs (harm to people and the environment, etc.), can the practice be considered legitimate.
(二)放射防護的優(yōu)化，為了避免不必要的照射，要花費一定的代價，采取防護措施，照射水平越低，花費就越大，因此要把放射實踐帶來的利益及花費的代價和達到的劑量水平綜合起來考慮。求得一個優(yōu)方案，也即利益大。花費的代價小，又能把劑量降到合理低的水平，并不是劑量水平越低越好。如果盲目地降低劑量，將得不償失。
(2) The optimization of radiation protection, in order to avoid unnecessary irradiation, must pay a certain price, take protective measures, the lower the level of irradiation, the greater the cost. Therefore, the benefits and costs of radiation practice and the level of dose achieved should be taken into account. Find an optimal solution, that is, the greatest benefits. It is not the lower the dose level, the better the cost is the smallest and the dose can be reduced to a reasonable low level. If the dose is reduced blindly, it will not pay off.
（三）個人劑量當量限值
(3) Individual dose equivalent limits
在實施正當化、優(yōu)化兩項原則時，要同時保證個人所受的劑量不超過規(guī)定的限值。
In the implementation of the two principles of justification and optimization, it is necessary to ensure that the individual dose does not exceed the prescribed limit at the same time.
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