現(xiàn)在各醫(yī)院的放射科、化工廠等處都有較大的輻射，鉛板是他們的必備產(chǎn)品，一般采取屏蔽保護和距離保護兩種原則。屏蔽是使用原子序數(shù)高的材料。在這里，我們經(jīng)常使用鉛板或含鉛材料作為吸收不必要的x射線的材料。距離保護是指利用x射線照射量與距離平方成反比的原理，通過增加x射線源與人體的距離來減少照射量。通常從x射線管到人體的x射線，有一次射線和二次射線兩種，二次射線是一次射線照射穿透其他物質(zhì)的過程，其能量比一次射線小，影響較大。通常用x光管殼、遮光管和光圈、濾板、熒光屏后面的鉛玻璃、鉛屏、鉛膠圈、鉛手套和墻、來屏蔽保護。增加人體與x射線源之間的距離是一種簡單而有效的距離保護方法。
　　At present, the radiology department and chemical plant of each hospital have large radiation. Lead plate is their necessary product. Generally, shielding protection and distance protection are two principles. Shielding is a material with high atomic number. Here, we often use lead plates or lead-containing materials as the best materials to absorb unnecessary X-rays. Distance protection refers to the use of the principle that the X-ray exposure is inversely proportional to the square of the distance to reduce the exposure by increasing the distance between the X-ray source and the human body. Generally, there are two kinds of X-ray from X-ray tube to human body, one is primary ray and the other is secondary ray. Secondary ray is the process of primary ray penetrating other substances, its energy is smaller than primary ray, and its influence is greater. Generally, X-ray tube shell, light shielding tube and diaphragm, filter plate, lead glass behind the fluorescent screen, lead screen, lead rubber ring, lead gloves and walls are used for shielding protection. Increasing the distance between human body and X-ray source is a simple and effective distance protection method.
　　更有效的射線防護材料主要有兩種:一種是鉛板，一種是硫酸鋇。
　　There are two kinds of most effective radiation protection materials: one is lead plate, the other is barium sulfate.

　　鉛板是指由金屬鉛軋制而成的板。鉛板具有較強的耐腐蝕、耐酸堿、耐酸環(huán)境施工、醫(yī)用輻射防護、x射線室、CT室輻射防護、重量、隔音等諸多方面，那么鉛板輻射防護的原理是什么呢?
　　Lead plate refers to the plate rolled from metal lead. Lead plate has strong corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, acid resistant environment construction, medical radiation protection, X-ray room, CT room radiation protection, weight, sound insulation and many other aspects, so what is the principle of lead plate radiation protection?
　　1. 穿透力弱，一張紙就能堵住;鉛板可完全阻擋，保護輻射焦點不被誤食，污染皮膚。
　　1. The penetration is weak, and a piece of paper can be blocked; the lead plate can be completely blocked to protect the radiation focus from being eaten by mistake and polluting the skin.
　　2. 線、介質(zhì)穿透性強，一般鉛板可以阻擋絕大多數(shù)射線，但通常在保護射線時加一層較低的原子序數(shù)屏障，以免產(chǎn)生軔致輻射。
　　2. The wire and medium have strong penetrability. Generally, the lead plate can block most of the rays, but a lower atomic number barrier is usually added to protect the rays to avoid bremsstrahlung.
　　一定厚度的鉛板可以阻擋一定比例的輻射強度，輻射強度隨鉛板厚度的增加呈指數(shù)遞減，理論上不可能完全阻擋。
　　A certain thickness of lead plate can block a certain proportion of radiation intensity. The radiation intensity decreases exponentially with the increase of the thickness of lead plate, which is impossible to block completely in theory.