Radiation protection equipment manufacturers suggest that the damage of radiation to human body is mainly due to the characteristics of X-ray - biological effects. After X-ray irradiation, a series of changes can take place in tissue cells and body fluids. The cells in tissue are inactivated by ionizing radiation, which causes radiation damage mainly in hematopoietic tissue.

X線從一發(fā)現(xiàn)就被用于醫(yī)學(xué)檢查。在計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)和射線探測(cè)器件飛速發(fā)展今天，X線影像檢查設(shè)備日新月異。隔室搖控透視、膠片攝影、計(jì)算機(jī)斷層攝影(CT)、計(jì)算機(jī)射線攝影(CR)、直接數(shù)字射線攝影(DR)、數(shù)字減影(DSA)介入手術(shù)檢查等，都已成為醫(yī)生臨床診斷離不開(kāi)的有效檢查手段。與藥物治療會(huì)有副作用一樣，接受放射線檢查時(shí)，被X線照射到的組織器官細(xì)胞，也會(huì)受到一定程度的傷害，但這種損害沒(méi)有立竿見(jiàn)影的自我感覺(jué)。如果損傷輕微，人體自身的新陳代謝能將其修復(fù)，致病的可能性就很小。如果射線損傷較重，機(jī)體組織不能將其完全修復(fù)，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致致死性癌癥或遺傳性疾病的發(fā)生。

X-ray has been used for medical examination since its discovery. With the rapid development of computer technology and X-ray detectors, X-ray imaging equipment is changing with each passing day. The remote control fluoroscopy of compartment, film photography, computed tomography (CT), computed radiography (CR), direct digital radiography (DR), digital subtraction (DSA) and interventional surgery examination have all become effective means for doctors'clinical diagnosis. Like side effects of medication, cells of tissues and organs irradiated by X-rays may also be harmed to a certain extent, but this damage has no immediate self-perception. If the damage is mild and the body's own metabolism can repair it, the possibility of disease is very small. If the radiation damage is serious, the body tissues can not be completely repaired, which will lead to fatal cancer or genetic diseases.

射線防護(hù)服

Radiation protective clothing

X線是電磁波的一種，是以光速直線傳播，遇到人體或其他物品后，一部分被吸收，另一部分被散射。但只要它還有能量，被物質(zhì)吸收前還會(huì)發(fā)生多次散射。因此，在給患者透視、拍片曝光時(shí)及曝光后的瞬間(微秒量級(jí))，透視室或拍片室內(nèi)在任何一個(gè)位置上都有X線照射。規(guī)范射線防護(hù)服X線檢查操作，應(yīng)是一室只有一位受檢患者，其余人均在防護(hù)安全區(qū)內(nèi)候診。每個(gè)防護(hù)合格的機(jī)房?jī)?nèi)，射線防護(hù)服都應(yīng)配有供受檢者和陪診家屬使用的防護(hù)用品，機(jī)房門外應(yīng)有警示燈，當(dāng)“射線有害”、“燈亮勿入”、或“在工作中”等警示燈亮?xí)r，候診者應(yīng)在門外等候，或在室內(nèi)防護(hù)安全區(qū)內(nèi)候診。

X-ray is a kind of electromagnetic wave. It travels in a straight line at the speed of light. When it encounters human body or other objects, one part is absorbed and the other part is scattered. But as long as it has energy, multiple scattering will occur before it is absorbed by matter. Therefore, X-ray irradiation can be performed at any position in the fluoroscopy room or the photographic room at the time of exposure and at the moment after exposure (microsecond magnitude). To standardize the X-ray examination of radiation protective clothing, there should be only one patient in one room and the rest of them are waiting for treatment in the protective safety zone. In every qualified protection room, radiation protective clothing should be equipped with protective equipment for the use of the examinee and the accompanying family members. There should be warning lights outside the door of the room. When the warning lights such as "harmful radiation", "light is not allowed to enter" or "at work" are on, the waiting person should wait outside the door or in the indoor protective safety zone.

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