對于傳統(tǒng)的燃煤鍋爐來說,鍋爐工是必須配備的一個工作崗位,他們不僅要確保燃煤鍋爐運行安全,還得維持鍋爐的運行。然而新型的山東燃?xì)忮仩t已通過自動化的控制系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)了運行全天候無人值守,那么是如何實現(xiàn)的呢?
For the traditional coal-fired boilers, the boilers are a job that must be equipped. They not only need to ensure the safety of the coal-fired boilers, but also need to maintain the operation of the boilers. However, the new Shandong gas boiler has been operated all-weather unattended through the automatic control system, so how to achieve it?
在具有自動控制系統(tǒng)的鍋爐中,內(nèi)裝了溫度傳感器,這些傳感器在工作時就相當(dāng)于我們的眼睛,負(fù)責(zé)將鍋爐運行的情況通過數(shù)據(jù)的方式傳遞給鍋爐上的控制器。比如,有一臺鍋爐設(shè)定的工作溫度為55℃,鍋爐運行時鍋爐內(nèi)的溫度傳感器采集到此時爐內(nèi)的水溫為40℃。這個溫度數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到控制器后,控制判斷此溫度遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到設(shè)定溫度,于是受控的燃燒器繼續(xù)以大火的狀態(tài)加熱鍋爐內(nèi)的水。
In boilers with automatic control system, temperature sensors are installed. These sensors are equivalent to our eyes when they work. They are responsible for transferring the operation of the boiler to the controller on the boiler by means of data. For example, there is a boiler set working temperature of 55 C, the temperature sensor in the boiler when the boiler is running collects the water temperature in the furnace at 40 C. After the temperature data is sent to the controller, the control judges that the temperature is far from the set temperature, so the controlled burner continues to heat the water in the boiler in the state of a big fire.
鍋爐繼續(xù)運行,溫度傳感器也在不斷采集溫度數(shù)據(jù)并傳送到控制器,隨著燃燒器的加熱溫度逐漸上升到53度。此時控制器通過設(shè)定溫度與當(dāng)前溫度的比對,判斷爐水接近設(shè)定溫度,于是控制燃燒器減小火焰。隨著溫度越來越接近設(shè)定的55℃時,變頻燃燒器能夠根據(jù)實際的熱量需求,精細(xì)的控制火焰大小,通過逐步接近,從而將溫度維持在55℃上。當(dāng)熱量需求有變化時,火焰也會做相應(yīng)改變,使鍋爐僅工作在維持溫度的狀態(tài)。
As the boiler continues to operate, the temperature sensor also continuously collects temperature data and transmits it to the controller. With the heating temperature of the burner gradually rises to 53 degrees. At this time, the controller judges that the water is close to the set temperature by comparing the set temperature with the current temperature, and then controls the burner to reduce the flame. With the temperature approaching the set temperature of 55 C, the frequency converter burner can fine control the flame size according to the actual heat demand, and by gradually approaching, the temperature can be maintained at 55 C. When the heat demand changes, the flame will change accordingly, so that the boiler only works in the state of maintaining temperature.

傳統(tǒng)鍋爐普遍使用的為三段火(大火、中火、小火),對于某些情況如,熱量需求恰好比中火要大但是又遠(yuǎn)未達(dá)到需要大火加熱的地步,此時控制器仍會繼續(xù)使用大火加熱,此時溫度將快速上升,很快超過設(shè)定溫度。此時控制器檢測到水溫已超過溫度,于是控制燃燒器改為小火。然而小火又不能滿足熱量需求,此時鍋爐水溫就會下降,當(dāng)下降到一定程度,控制器又將小火轉(zhuǎn)為大火加熱。此種方式相比變頻控制,不僅溫度存在波動,而且有一定的空燒浪費燃?xì)獾默F(xiàn)象。
Traditional boilers generally use three-stage fire (big fire, medium fire and small fire). For some cases, the heat demand is just larger than that of medium fire, but far from the point where large fire heating is needed. At this time, the controller will continue to use large fire heating. At this time, the temperature will rise rapidly and soon exceed the set temperature. At this time, the controller detects that the water temperature has exceeded the temperature, so the burner is controlled by a small fire. However, the small fire can not meet the heat demand, at this time the boiler water temperature will drop, when it drops to a certain extent, the controller will turn the small fire into the big fire heating. Compared with frequency conversion control, this method not only fluctuates in temperature, but also wastes gas in air combustion.
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